Foundation drilling is, in essence, using big machines to put big holes in the ground.
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Most residential homes have a reinforced, concrete slab foundation poured on top of the ground. Though some settling and shifting will occur, it is not enough to send the walls tumbling down. However, huge structures like bridges and office buildings, need foundations that can handle some movement and are strong enough to carry the weight of the building itself and what&#;s on or inside of it. To do this, large construction projects use foundation drilling rigs to create drilled shafts. Also known as drilled piers, caissons or bored piles, drilled shafts are constructed by pouring concrete into a drilled hole. The load is supported mainly through skin friction where the subsurface soil surrounding the shaft holds it in place. End-bearing shafts carry the weight load on the base of the shaft. This type of drilled shaft is used less often.
The type of rig used depends on several factors. How deep and what the diameter of the holes will be, obviously. But, the type of soil, where the project is located (in a city or out in the boonies), and how much room there is to maneuver are just some of the considerations. The project requirements will also dictate which foundation drilling method is used.
These are the most common drilling methods:
Kelly Drilling
Kelly drilling is a dry rotary drilling method. It is used to make bored piles with a large diameter, typically over 500mm. It&#;s is popular because it works for most types of rock and soil. A key part of this method is the telescopic drill rod &#; also known as the Kelly bar.
Continuous Flight Auger Drilling
Continuous flight auger drilling is another dry rotary method. It uses rotation of a continuous flight auger to displace soil. The auger needs to be the same length as the hole that will be drilled. This makes it a good solution for predrilling.
Double Rotary Drilling
Double rotary drilling combines continuous flight auger drilling with a continuous casing. This method is used for challenging soil conditions or sensitive environments. Drill cuttings are ejected from an opening in the top of the auger.
Full Displacement Drilling
Full displacement drilling is used for cast-in-place piles. The surrounding soil is only displaced and virtually no drill cuttings are brought to the surface. A smooth casing is used and fitted with a displacement body at the lower end.
Grab Drilling
Grab drilling is the oldest of the dry drilling methods. Soil is loosened by cutting or impact driving. This method is typically used for well drilling or cast-in-place piles.
Reverse Circulation Drilling
Reverse circulation drilling can produce boreholes of about 3.2m diameter. The method is useful in challenging soil conditions such as karst. This method uses the mammoth pump principle. The flushing drill fluid rises inside the drill rod and brings the drill cuttings to the surface. This technique can be used for soil or rock drilling.
Down-the-Hole Drilling
For very hard rock or to break up boulders, the down-the-hole drilling method is used. A hammer is mounted on the drill bit at the end of the drill rod. Compressed air is used to pneumatically break and remove the rock or boulders. The bit breaks up the rock by rotating and impacting at the same time. The compressed air moves the loosened drill cuttings to the surface.
No matter the method, there is a foundation drilling rig available to put those big holes in the ground, in the right place, at the right depth.
Selecting the right foundation drilling rig can be daunting. They&#;re expensive &#; so you want to get it right the first time. You want to drill down (pardon the pun) to what your requirements truly are. Once you understand your &#;must-have&#; (hard) requirements, you can find the foundation drilling rig to meet them. There is no one-size-fits-all drill that works for all types of drilling and all site conditions.
Job Description
You want to determine the specifics of the job you need to get done. The diameter and depths of the holes, the type of soil, and the features of the site must be known.
Location Challenges
Are you working on rough terrain? Is the job in the heart of a city where noise reduction is critical? Is it a small lot or other tight space that will require smaller, more nimble equipment? The rig you choose must be able to work within the limitations of the job site.
Mobility
An autonomous crawler drilling rig does not need additional equipment or a separate power source to move around the job site. Truck-mounted and trailer-mounted foundation drilling rigs need to be powered by a generator or by the truck that&#;s moving them about.
Stability
An important part of any foundation drilling rig is the stability of the platform. The amount of ground pressure the rig exerts matters. It impacts how large the platform must be. So, the size of the construction site can limit the weight of the rig you can buy. The manufacturer will tell you how much pressure their rig exerts. Lighter weight models, such as Commachio&#;s MC 3, can provide plenty of power and still squeeze through areas as narrow as 9mm.
The rig should be placed on level and firm ground. The area must graded to support the rig per the manufacturer&#;s specifications. Crane mats can be used to support the platform. They are typically made from 12&#; thick timbers and are available in lengths from 8- to 40-feet. Widths of 4, 5, or 6 feet are available. The Crane Mat Company also offers custom mats and used mats that have been returned through their buyback program. You can also rent crane mats. Bridgewell makes all-steel Mammoth Mats for multi-million pound rigs.
On Special Occasions
Some jobs require custom features that you won&#;t be able to use for other projects. If possible, select a standard foundation drilling rig and add attachments that will meet the requirements of a particular job. You want the rig you select to have the broadest use possible.
Cutting Technology or Old School?
Fancy color screens, automatic placement, and torque technology are terrific. But you may not need them to complete a project. The training required to use the features of high-tech equipment also adds to the project timeline and budget. Sometimes a foundation drilling rig that is less high-tech with a longer track record is a lower-risk &#; and lower cost &#; solution.
Price
It is natural to think of price first. But, resist the urge. Figure out what your requirements are for the job. You should have two lists &#; hard requirements and &#;soft&#; requirements. (Soft requirements are nice-to-have features that are not necessary to get the work done.) Present this information to at least three vendors and let them advise which foundation drilling rigs are best based on these requirements. Considerations can also be made for ongoing maintenance costs, reliability as well as flexibility.
Wrap Up
The most important aspect of selecting a foundation drilling rig is understanding what you really need to get the job done. Take the time to meet with a sales engineer and other experts to clearly define the project requirements. Find a few models that will meet your needs then shop around.
Inspecting your foundation drilling rig is critical for job safety. In addition to keeping workers and the public safe, you want to protect your investment. The rig should be inspected prior to using it &#; every time. You will be checking parts of the rig big and small. This includes braking systems, Kelly bars, hydraulic systems, wire ropes, safety features, and anything else recommended in the manufacturer&#;s documentation.
Qualified Inspector
This may seem obvious, but you really need someone experienced in inspecting drilling rigs to do the inspection. A checklist is helpful. Some jobs require documentation to be filed as proof that the inspection was completed. In any case, an inspection logbook should be kept inside the rig.
Brakes
Check for wear and tear to the brakes. Ensure brake fluid levels are adequate. Wheel-mounted rigs have three braking systems: Service, secondary, and parking. The parking braking system should be able to keep the rig stationary on the steepest slope it is built to operate on.
Kelly Bars
Kelly bars should be inspected outside of their housing. Adapters, flanges, stops, torque lugs or rails should not be worn out or damaged. Check the torque of the Kelly retainer clamp bolts. Also inspect them for wear and tear.
Hydraulic Systems
Wear gloves and use a piece of cardboard or wood to check for leaks in the hydraulic system. Check the hydraulic level indicators.
Lubrication
Grease is the lifeblood of the foundation drilling rig. Before greasing lubrication points, first clean out the dirt and old grease.
Warning Devices
Make sure the warning signal (audible and or visual) automatically functions when the rig is in reverse. Any warning signs should be clearly visible. Warning devices are not always a replacement of a spotter when moving the rigs.
Wire Ropes
Wire ropes should be reeved properly on the sheave and in good condition. Inspect for kinking or unstranding, corrosion, heat damage, etc.
Manufacturer&#;s Manuals
Detailed manuals from the manufacturer should be stored in the rig so they are readily available when needed. Complete the specific inspections recommended by the manufacturer.
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Clean Up
Inspections are more often successful when regular maintenance is done on your foundation drilling rig. The most important maintenance involves keeping the parts of the rig clean. Keep your inspection records up-to-date and ensure any needed repairs are completed before the rig is used on the job.
All that power doesn&#;t come cheap. But the right foundation drilling rig gets the job done faster and more accurately &#; saving money and headaches down the road. Part of the cost is the amount of automation offered. For example, the Liebherr LRB-355 has a crane control system with a color display. Its hydraulic BAT rotary drive provides automatic torque adjustment.
Soilmec&#;s innovative SR-125 in the Kelly configuration costs about $2,200,000, depending on the type of Kelly bar you choose.
Other cost factors include how quickly the rig can be assembled and how nimble it is. Noise reduction features can up the price.
CZM&#;s EK200LS Cased CFA may fit the bill. These state-of-the-art rigs are estimated at $1,750,000. CFA is also used for residential projects, such as building a home on the California coastline.
Foundation Drilling Rigs for Tight Spaces
There are several scenarios where your equipment just won&#;t have a lot of swinging room. Bay Shore System&#;s LAD Series may be the right solution. Their small foundation drilling rigs have attachment heights down to 6 feet 6 inches. Yet, they can drill down to 70 feet. They also have a wide torque range to handle tough soil.
Used Foundation Drilling Rigs
Another option is to buy a used foundation drilling rig. Of course, there&#;s risk involved, but the savings are huge. For example, a AD 150 Crawler Drill is currently listed with an asking price of $200K. Of course, finding attachments and spare parts is always a challenge with an older rig. Just like used cars, however, you can buy higher quality used foundation drilling rigs from reputable dealers. You should also consider whether a company provides service in your local area. This could make it easier to find parts.
Innovative Designs
There are some interesting and innovative foundation drilling rig designs. Watson&#;s has a top-applied Kelly crowd system that eliminates the need for a rotary / bar locking system. Their claim is that wear and tear on the rotary from crowd forces is eliminated and that the rig drills straighter holes. All at a cost of about $1,200,000.
Research First, Price Later
Don&#;t select your foundation drilling rig on price alone. In fact, don&#;t consider price at all when you start your research. Gather your hard requirements and optional requirements and let vendors tell you what rigs will meet them. Then put it out for bid. Ask if there is a &#;certified used&#; option available. You may do better buying a stripped-down model and purchasing the attachments you need for the job. Spend the time to educate yourself on the right drilling method for the job. Then identify any restraints, such as noise level and height restrictions, before you start shopping for foundation drilling rigs. Knowledge is power and savings.
There are many different types of foundation drilling rig attachments to meet any job. Here are some popular attachments from top vendors.
Champion Equipment fabricates various styles of drilling buckets, one being the pitched bottom bucket. The bucket bottom is heat pressed into its unique shape which allows for larger openings and smoother material flow into the bucket. These buckets are sold in diameters from 1 foot to in excess of 16 foot and can be equipped with both manual and automatic dumping systems.
Jeffrey Machine specializes in augers they call laminates. Their augers are available in diameters from 6-inches to over 12-feet. Jeffrey Machine has a state-of-the-art manufacturing facility in Alabama. They claim a huge inventory of off-the-shelf products. But, they can custom build drilling tools using customer or JMI prints. They may even be able to get your specs over the .
Bay Shore Systems&#; LoDril® drilling attachment has 360 degrees of operating area. It can reach up to 15 feet beyond the tracks or above casing. Perfect for foundation drilling in challenging environments like tight areas or sloping terrain. There are six sizes available, starting at just seven feet high.
Numa designs and manufactures rock drilling hammers and bits for vertical and horizontal applications. Their U.S. made Down-the-Hole and HDD hammers and bits can drill holes from 3.5 inches to 50.5 inches (89mm-mm). Built specifically for longevity and penetration rate, Numa&#;s rock drilling equipment drills at high frequency and require less air. Even against high heads of water.
TEI manufactures a lightweight drill attachment for 5- to 8-ton mini excavators that&#;s a good solution for limited access areas. The standard version has one 360-degree positioner and a single hydraulic clamp on the drill feed. It includes radio remote controls with a manual override. You can add a second 360-degree positioner for unlimited positioning capabilities.
Armador offers many foundation drilling rig attachments. Their core barrels are made of special steel alloys. They claim that their welding techniques increase the life cycle of the product. They have off-the-shelf standard core barrels, but offer customized versions including kelly boxes in any size or shape to conform to your drilling rig. Armador&#;s standard core barrel models are KOS Series (round shank picks) and the KOB Series (weld-on bars core barrel with trap).
Most of these vendors can manufacture custom or semi-custom foundation drilling rig attachments. Some offer used inventory. The array of choices can be dizzying. Work with the vendors to understand what attachments are really needed for your foundation drilling rig.
Description
As everyone knows by now, the acronym &#;TT&#; (Tescar Technology) identifies Tescar&#;s full-optional models, and the TT5 is the top-of-the-line version of the already famous CF4. It is in fact a machine with a special double-motor rotary for 50 kNm of torque with TSP device (torque-speed potentiometer) that permits the operator to progressively set the torque and speed accordingly to the ground conditions. It&#;s then provided with the special CCMS device (crowd crain motor system) with 8 t capacity, and a sectional mast for working outdoors with 28m kelly bar or in low-headroom version (under 6m height) with 15m kelly bar. The TT5 is mounted on Eurocomach ESP100 UR4 excavator base with EU Stage5 / US Tier4 Final certified Yanmar engine, equipped with heavy duty undercarriage with expanding tracks and hydraulic blade as standard.
Thanks to the chain push/pull, the TT5 boasts a rotary stroke of 5m, which can be extended up to 7m, allowing easy use of the casing pipes by working with longer tools so as to increase and speed up production on site. Thanks to the modularity of the mast, the TT5 can reach 10m depth in the CFA version (6m augers + 4m kelly extension) and 12m in the &#;CFA Extended&#; version (8m augers + 4m kelly extension).
The TT5 can then also be equipped in D-WALL mode, with hydraulic grab for diaphragms up to x400mm. This configuration is offered either with a square locking rod and pushing device, or with the original round kelly bar of the LDP version, thus allowing the customer to save a big bunch of money and a lot of time when switching from LDP to D-WALL mode.
As all our other piling rigs, also the TT5 can close on itself and fold the mast backwards for transport, keeping a perfect balance during the loading/unloading operations and leaving space behind the base to eventually stow a skid-loader, the drilling tools and the other necessary working equipment, maintaining an on-size shape and a limited overall weight.
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Delivery: Your order will be delivered approximately 30 days after your down payment is received.
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At Glorytek Industry, we offer a wide range of drilling tools and equipment to meet all your needs. Whether you're in need of drill pipes, tricone bits, PDC bits, drag bits, DTH hammers and bits, or drilling equipment like mud pumps and air compressors, we've got you covered!
When it comes to payment, we want to make it as convenient as possible for you. We prefer a 30% advance payment after your purchase order by T/T (Telegraphic Transfer), with the remaining 70% payment due before shipping.
We understand that time is of the essence, and we strive to deliver your order as quickly as possible. The delivery time will depend on your purchasing quantity, but rest assured, we aim to have your order delivered within 30 days.
At Glorytek Industry, we take quality seriously. We have a team of professional QC (Quality Control) experts who ensure that every product undergoes strict inspection and testing before it is shipped out. Your satisfaction is our top priority!
If you have any questions or would like to place an order, please feel free to reach out to our friendly sales representative, Jane Cheng. She will be more than happy to assist you.
Sales Representative: Jane Cheng
Address: No.B-, DongWeiCheng, GuanZhuang, Chao Yang District, Beijing, China.
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