Belleville Washer Installation & Belleville Washer Uses

Should I Stack Belleville Washers?

A single Belleville washer provides specific load and deflection, while stacking two or more conical spring washers creates an increase in load and deflection. Remember, while spring washers are very versatile and can be stacked in several different configurations, the conical washer that is placed against the installation must always have the widest footprint of all the washers. Common methods of stacking disc springs include:

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Parallel Stack

In a parallel stack, washers are all placed in the same direction. The deflection does not increase with this stack, but each added washer increases the load capacity of the stack.

Series Stack

In a series stack, conical washers are placed from top to bottom so that they create a gap in the middle. This stack does not increase the load capacity of the fastener assembly, but it can greatly increase the deflection of the stack by adding a spring-like effect to the washers.

Parallel/Series Stack

A mixed parallel/series stack is when both types of stacks are included in a single fastener assembly. This stack increases both the deflection and load capacity of the assembly and can be arranged to suit almost any application.

How Do I Install a Belleville Washer?

We recommend following these steps when installing Belleville washers:

1. Determine the project load capacity and deflection.
2. Choose the plating/finish options to ensure proper resistance to environmental elements that would otherwise affect performance and longevity.
3. Decide which washer stack will give you the optimal results.
4. Slide the washers onto a bolt in the optimal stack, with the cupped spring washers facing down.
5. Slide the bolt through the installation material with the stack pressing against the installation material. Remember, the base washer must be the widest washer in the stack.
6. Tighten the bolt against the other side of the installation material.
7. If reusing a Belleville washer in a separate application, be sure to inspect it for damage before reuse.

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Some people who may need to use compression spring applications that require high load may not be able to distinguish which kind of washers that would best suit for their needs. However, one of the most commonly recommended items for this purpose is the Belleville washer.

What is a Belleville washer?

The Belleville washer is a conical-shaped metal disk designed to support high loads with small deflections compared to conventional helical springs. This washer is often used to reduce vibration, thermal expansion, relaxation and bolt problems. What makes the Belleville washer stand out from other kinds of washers is that it can meet all locking device requirements that other types of washers could not provide.

The main advantage of using a Belleville washer is that once the clamping pressure is applied, it equally distributes the load instead of just concentrating on one part of the washer.

Uses of Belleville Washers

The Belleville washer has been widely known because of properties that make it stand out among others. These include the following:

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•          The characteristic curve of a Belleville washer makes it possible to be used in various combinations with the necessary support that an application needs.
•          Other washers have limitations when carrying a load, unlike the Belleville washers that can support large loads even with small insulation space.
•          Because of its annular shape, it is able to force transmission in the center thus being able to equally distribute the load.

The characteristics of the Belleville washer make it useful in landmines. Once the spring has been stepped on by a person or a vehicle, the pressure exerted causes the trigger to flip the adjacent firing pin that is connected to a detonator.

This washer is used as a locking device but only in applications that require low dynamic loads such as down-tube shifters in bicycles.

It is also used as an indicator of swelling or shrinkage of wooden propellers in aircrafts. Automobiles also use this kind of disc spring to reduce vibration and noise.

These washers have also been used in the construction of buildings wherein stacks of disc springs are used under buildings as vibration dampers for earthquakes.

Belleville Disc Springs

DIN Belleville springs are conical disc springs with elastic properties. These springs are manufactured according to the specifications of DIN standards, which recommend thickness of more than 6 mm supporting surface.

Springs that follow this manufacturing standard have the ability to accommodate high spring load that traditional helix springs could not provide.

Factors In Choosing the Right Kind of Belleville Washer

Belleville washers come in different designs and sizes. Each of them serves a specific requirement. To help you choose the right kind of Belleville washer, you need to consider the following factors:

•          Torque: This refers to the amount of force that you place on the bolt to flatten the washer to its optimum shape to be able to secure clamping.
•          Diameter: The correct diameter of the washer to be used in the application should be carefully chosen to be able to provide the needed support that your system needs. 
•          Finish: You must be able to determine the kind of environment that the washer may be exposed to so you can eliminate the possibility of breaking the washer due to unfavorable conditions.

Final Word

We hope this guide can help you decide whether a Belleville washer is useful for your intended purpose. If you decide to go for Belleville washers, make sure to take care of them just like you would the entire machine or system.

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