Globe valves are linear motion valves that regulate fluid flow in pipelines. They are named for their spherical body shape, which houses a movable disk or plug mechanism. This mechanism controls the flow of fluid by closing, opening, or partially obstructing the valve&#;s flow path.
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They are widely-used flow control devices in various industrial applications, and designed to regulate the flow of fluids, such as liquids, gases, and steam, in a flow stream a piping system. With their unique construction features and reliable performance, globe valves have gained popularity in industries such as oil and gas, power generation, chemical processing, and water treatment.
Globe valves are named after their spherical body shape, which houses a movable disc or plug, a stationary seat, and a stem. The stem connects the disc to an external handwheel or actuator. When the handwheel is turned or the actuator is activated, it moves the stem and disc either closer to or farther from the seat, thus controlling the flow rate and pressures.
There are three main types of globe valves, each with distinct characteristics:
Straight pattern globe valves have a linear flow path, with the inlet and outlet ports aligned vertically. The main components include a spherical body, a movable disc or plug, a stationary seat, and a stem connecting the disc to an external handwheel or actuator. The fluid enters from the port at the bottom and exits from the top of the valve, with the disc moving up and down to regulate the flow.
In angle pattern globe valves, the inlet and outlet ports are oriented at a 90-degree angle to each other. This design allows the fluid to change direction within the valve, making them ideal for situations where a change in flow direction is required or when space is limited. The main components are similar to those of a straight pattern globe valve: a body, a disc, a seat, and a stem. However, the flow path is bent within the angle pattern globe valve body, creating a 90-degree angle between the inlet and outlet ports.
Y-pattern stainless steel globe valves feature a 45-degree angle between the inlet and outlet ports. This design reduces pressure drop and turbulence within the valve, making them suitable for high-pressure and high-temperature applications or when minimizing erosion is critical. The main components of a Y-pattern, steel globe valve include a Y-shaped body, a disc, a seat, and a stem. The flow path is inclined at a 45-degree angle, which helps reduce flow resistance and minimize wear on the valve components.
Globe valves consist of several key components:
Globe valves are used across various industries, including:
Common applications include:
Proper installation, maintenance, and troubleshooting of globe valve control systems are essential for ensuring their optimal performance and longevity. By following best practices and addressing issues as they arise, you can maintain the reliability and efficiency of your globe valve system.
Globe valves should be installed with the disk facing upwards to ensure proper seating and minimize wear. This orientation also facilitates easier maintenance and inspection.
Regular maintenance is essential to extend the globe valve lifespan and ensure optimal performance. Maintenance tasks include:
Proper troubleshooting is essential for identifying and resolving issues with globe valves. By addressing problems promptly and accurately, you can ensure the reliable and efficient operation of your valve system. Below are some common issues encountered with globe valves and their potential solutions:
Issue: Fluid leakage is observed around the valve stem.
Solution: First, attempt to tighten the packing gland to compress the packing material and create a better seal. If the leakage persists, replace the packing material or consider repacking the entire valve.
Issue: Fluid leakage is detected at the flange connections.
Solution: Inspect the flange bolts for proper tightness and ensure they are evenly tightened following a crisscross pattern. If the leakage continues, replace the flanged gasket with a new one compatible with the fluid and operating conditions.
Issue: The valve becomes difficult to operate or the handwheel is hard to turn.
Solution: Check for misalignment, bent stems, or damaged actuators. Lubricate the stem and moving parts according to the valve manufacturer&#;s recommendations. If the problem persists, disassemble the valve to inspect for internal damage or obstructions and repair or replace the affected components as needed.
Issue: The valve fails to provide accurate flow control or the flow rate does not correspond to the handwheel position.
Solution: Inspect the disc and seat for wear, damage, or contamination. Replace or recondition the disc and seat if necessary. Also, check the stem and actuator for proper operation and alignment.
Issue: The valve produces excessive noise or vibration during operation.
Solution: Excessive noise or vibration may indicate cavitation, water hammer, or turbulent flow. Address the root cause by adjusting the flow rate, installing a valve with a different design, or adding additional flow control valves, accessories, or devices like a pressure-reducing valve or a flow control valve.
Issue: The valve does not close completely, leading to fluid leakage through the valve.
Solution: Inspect the disc and seat for damage, wear, or debris that may be preventing a tight seal. Clean, repair, or replace the disc and seat as necessary. Also, ensure that the valve stem is not bent or obstructed, preventing full closure.
By following a systematic approach to troubleshooting industrial valves and addressing issues as they arise, you can maintain the reliability and efficiency of your globe valve system. Regular inspection, timely repairs, and adherence to manufacturer guidelines will help prevent costly downtime and prolong the service life of your valves.
Selecting the right size and type of globe valve for your application is crucial for optimal performance, efficiency, and longevity. Several factors must be considered when choosing a globe valve, including the fluid type, flow rate, pressure, temperature, and installation requirements. Here are some key aspects to consider when sizing and selecting a globe valve:
2. Flow Rate:
Determine the required flow rate for your application to ensure the globe valve can adequately handle the flow. Valve sizing is based on the flow coefficient (Cv), which is a measure of the valve&#;s capacity to pass fluid. The larger the Cv value, the greater the flow rate the valve can handle. Select a valve with an appropriate Cv value to meet your flow requirements while minimizing pressure drop.
2. Fluid Type:
Consider the type of fluid the valve will handle (liquid, gas, or steam) and its properties, and features such as viscosity and corrosiveness. Select materials and sealing components compatible with the fluid to ensure reliable operation and prevent damage to the valve.
3. Pressure and Temperature:
Evaluate the operating pressure and temperature of the system to select a valve that can withstand these conditions. Ensure the selected valve&#;s pressure class and temperature rating meet or exceed the system&#;s requirements.
4. Valve Type:
Choose the appropriate type of globe valve (straight pattern, angle pattern, or Y-pattern) based on your application&#;s specific needs. Consider factors such as space constraints, flow direction changes, and pressure drop when selecting the valve type.
5. Material Selection:
Select the appropriate materials for the valve body, disc, seat, stem, and gaskets based on factors such as fluid compatibility, corrosion resistance, and temperature requirements. Common materials include cast iron, carbon steel, stainless steel, and brass.
6. Actuation:
Determine the appropriate method of actuation for your application (manual, electric, pneumatic, or hydraulic). Consider factors such as the required speed of operation, available utilities, and fail-safe requirements.
7. End Connections:
Select the appropriate end connections (flanged, threaded, or welded) based on your piping system requirements and ease of installation and maintenance.
8. Standards and Certifications:
Ensure the chosen globe valve meets the necessary industry standards and certifications for your application, such as ASME, API, or ISO.
9. Maintenance and Accessibility:
Consider the ease of maintenance and accessibility when selecting a globe valve. Options for valves that are easy to disassemble, clean, and replace parts, make them cost-effective and reducing downtime.
By taking these factors into account, you can select a globe valve that meets your application&#;s specific requirements and ensures efficient, reliable and long-lasting performance. Consult with valve manufacturers or engineers for expert advice on sizing and selecting the most suitable stainless steel globe valve for your needs.
Various standards and certifications govern the design, manufacturing, testing, and performance of globe valves to ensure their safety, reliability, and efficiency. Adherence to these standards is essential for maintaining quality and performance in the industry. Some of the most widely recognized standards and certifications for globe valves include:
ASME develops codes and standards for pressure-containing components, including valves. Key ASME standards related to globe valves include:
These standards cover aspects such as pressure-temperature ratings, materials, dimensions, and testing requirements for various valve types, including globe valves.
API is a leading organization that develops standards for the oil and gas industry, including valves. The following API standards are relevant to globe valves:
Although these standards primarily focus on gate valves, they may also apply to globe valves in certain situations, particularly for high-pressure and high-temperature applications.
ISO develops international standards for various industries, including valves. Some of the key ISO standards related to globe valves are:
These standards address aspects such as pressure testing and dimensional requirements for globe valves and other industrial valves.
MSS is an organization that develops standards for the valve and fittings industry. Some MSS standards that apply to globe valves include:
These standards cover requirements for corrosion-resistant valves and pressure testing procedures for globe valves and other valve types.
NACE develops standards related to the prevention and control of corrosion in various industries. The following NACE standard is relevant for globe valves used in corrosive environments:
This standard outlines material requirements and guidelines for valve control systems, including globe valves, used in sour service applications where hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is present.
thinktank stone valve manufacturerThis article provides an in-depth understanding of the various aspects of globe valves, including their design, types, functions, and key considerations for sizing, selection, and troubleshooting. This comprehensive guide aims to support professionals in making informed decisions when choosing the right valve for their application, ensuring optimal performance, reliability, and longevity.
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By utilizing the information provided in this ultimate guide and partnering with a reputable manufacturer like THINKTANK, you can ensure the successful integration of globe valves in your applications, contributing to the efficiency, safety features, and reliability of your power systems.
1.ASME B16.34 &#; Valves &#; Flanged, Threaded, and Welding End: https://www.asme.org/codes-standards/find-codes-standards/b16-34-valves-flanged-threaded-welding-end
2. API 600 &#; Steel Gate Valves &#; Flanged and Butt-welding Ends, Bolted Bonnets: https://www.api.org/~/media/files/publications/whats%20new/600_e13%20pa.pdf
3.ISO &#; Industrial Valves &#; Pressure Testing of Valves: https://www.iso.org/standard/.html
4.ISO &#; Metal Valves for Use in Flanged Pipe Systems &#; Face-to-Face and Centre-to-Face Dimensions: https://www.iso.org/standard/.html
5.MSS SP-42 &#; Corrosion Resistant Gate, Globe, Angle, and Check Valves with Flanged and Butt Weld Ends: https://webstore.ansi.org/standards/mss/msssp
6.NACE MR/ISO &#; Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries &#; Materials for Use in H2S-Containing Environments in Oil and Gas Production: https://www.iso.org/standard/.html
Globe valves are key items in many industries, acknowledged for their reliability to control different materials flowing in pipes.
With its simple but unique round design and made from reliable materials like stainless steel, it allows them to effectively control the gas or fluid going through the valve.
Read further to discover more about the several globe valve designs and materials, as well as how to choose the best one for your specific requirements.
The Structure and Main Parts of a Globe ValveGlobe valves are identified by its circular body, which contains all of the other components. The actuator, often known as the handwheel, is one of the first components you&#;ll recognize. It controls how the stem and disc move when you turn them; this can be done manually or automatically.
The disc or plug moves with the stem that either blocks the path or lets the material pass in the valve. While the stem is the one that is directly connected to the actuator that adjusts the disc up and down. Lastly, the seat is where the disc connects to create a strong seal when the valve is closed.
Therefore, according to M.O. Okelola et al. &#;s research, &#;Globe valve&#;s common application is for isolation and throttling services. It has a good shut-off ability.&#;
It is because the globe valve&#;s whole design and components ensure an effective seal when the disc is closed.
How Does the Globe Valve Work?Globe valves use a disk or plug to open or close the flow&#;s path. When the valve is closed, the disc is pushed down tightly against the seat to completely block the passage. But when the valve is open, the stem pulls the disc away from the seat.
It allows you to manage their flow rate using the actuator to slightly open the valve. The larger the opening, the more material will pass through the valve.
If you want to learn more about how they work, this simple and detailed animation might help you.
Types of Globe Valves Design Globe valve designUnique featuresAdvantagesDisadvantagesZ-TypeA globe valve that has a disc and stem aligned vertically to the horizontal seat.There are various globe valve disc styles to pick from, and they tend to be made of stainless steel. Here are the 3 disc designs for globe valve:
There are different globe valve materials for its body; here are some of them, including their advantages:
Cast Iron Globe ValveAlso one of the most budget-friendly materials. They&#;re best for simpler uses because they&#;re only strong enough for lower temperatures and pressure.
The Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) states that cast iron should not be used over 450°F. It also highlighted that it must follow Classes 125 and 250 to ensure safe operation.
Carbon Steel Globe ValveOne of the materials popular for their strength in different industrial products. As shown in the Carbon Steel Handbook by the Electric Power Research Institute, these materials can handle up to 800ºF.
This is also one of the less expensive materials. While they may rust because they don&#;t have enough chromium, users still love their durability.
Stainless Steel Globe ValveStainless steel is also one of the best materials for globe valves because they&#;re highly resistant to corrosion. According to the Alberto Ubaldini et al. study, stainless steel has good corrosion resistance because chromium is mixed into its material.
This makes them best for industries that handle dangerous materials. Although stainless steel is expensive, their notable qualities make them a worthy material to use for globe valves.
The Globe Valve&#;s Stem and Seat MaterialThe valve&#;s stem can be made from carbon steel and special alloys. However, stainless steel is the most commonly used material for stems and other components considering its high resistance to rust and wear.
This is crucial because the stem will have to handle the repeated uses and moving against the packing to prevent leaking.
Meanwhile, aside from stainless steel, the valve seat can be made of the following materials, each with its own set of advantages:
Xintai was founded in and is one of the trusted manufacturers of globe valves in Wenzhou. They have different certifications from many government agencies that show their reliability, such as:
Furthermore, they provide an extensive selection of globe valve products that are guaranteed to be of high quality for maximum efficiency and smooth operation. If you have additional questions, don&#;t hesitate to contact them, and perhaps consider partnering with them now.
Frequently Asked Questions What are the limitations of a globe valve?One of Globe&#;s limitations is that it is more vulnerable to causing a large pressure drop since it has its more complex path flow.
This leads to another issue with globe valves: they&#;re more likely to cause cavitation and loud noises.
What is the globe valve most suitable for?The globe valve&#;s design makes it ideal for controlling flow and forming a tight seal in pipes to prevent leakage during high-pressure uses.
This makes them ideal for application in several kinds of industries, including chemical, oil, gas, power generation, and much more.
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