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Understand the differences and advantages and disadvantages between Roots blowers with three and two blades
The main differences between Roots blower three bladed and two bladed are reflected in the following aspects:
1&#; Structural differences
1. Number of impellers: A three bladed Roots blower has three impellers, while a two bladed Roots blower has two impellers. This fundamental structural difference leads to differences in performance and application between the two.
2. Impeller arrangement: The two impellers of a two blade Roots fan are symmetrically arranged, while the three impellers of a three blade Roots fan are asymmetrically arranged. This asymmetric arrangement helps to reduce pulsation and noise, and improve the stability and reliability of the equipment.
2&#; Performance Performance
1. Airflow and pressure: Due to the fact that the three blade Roots blower has more impellers, it can generate higher airflow and pressure at the same speed. This enables the performance of the three blade Roots blower in situations where larger air volume and higher pressure are required.
2. Noise and vibration: The asymmetric arrangement design of the three blade Roots blower helps reduce pulsation and noise, and its noise level is usually lower than that of the two blade Roots blower. In addition, the rotor performance and clearance of the three blade Roots blower also contribute to reducing vibration.
3. Bearing lifespan: The rotor structure of the three blade Roots blower ensures that the bearings bear a more uniform load, thereby reducing bearing wear and failure, and extending the service life of the bearings. In contrast, the bearing life of a two blade Roots fan may be shorter.
Energy saving performance: When the efficiency is comparable, a three blade Roots blower is usually more energy-efficient than a two blade Roots blower. This is because the three blade Roots blower has a larger effective volume, allowing it to process more air in the same amount of time, thereby improving energy efficiency.
3&#; Application Fields
1. Three leaf Roots blower: Due to its advantages of low noise, high stability, large air volume, and high pressure, the Three leaf Roots blower is widely used in various fields such as petrochemicals, building materials, electricity, smelting, fertilizers, mining, ports, textiles, food, papermaking, aquaculture, and sewage treatment. In addition, it can also be used to transport air, and after sealing, it can also be used to transport flammable, explosive, and corrosive gases such as gas, hydrogen, acetylene, and carbon dioxide.
2. Two blade Roots Fan: Although two blade Roots fans have a wide range of applications, with the continuous development and improvement of three blade Roots fan technology, their application range is gradually being squeezed by three blade Roots fans. At present, the two blade Roots blower is more suitable for some small-scale application scenarios, such as food processing, pharmaceuticals and other industries.
In summary, there are significant differences in structure, performance, and application between the three blade Roots blower and the two blade Roots blower. When choosing a Roots blower, it is necessary to select the appropriate type based on the actual application scenario and requirements.
Roots Blower
A Roots blower is a valve-less displacement compressor without internal compression.
Blowers are usually air-cooled and oil-free. Their low efficiency limits these blowers to very low-pressure applications and compression in a single stage, even if two- and three-stage versions are available. Roots blowers are frequently used as vacuum pumps and for pneumatic conveyance.
Root blower Compressor Diagram :
Construction and Working of Root Blowers :
The two-lobe type roots blower is shown in Fig. One of the rotors is connected to an external drive and the second rotor is driven from the first.
The lobes of the rotors are of cycloid or involute form giving correct mating to seal the delivery side from the inlet side.
The high-pressure delivery side is sealed from the low-pressure suction side at all angular positions and this sealing continues until delivery commences.
To reduce wear, a small clearance (i.e 0.01 cm to 0.02 cm) is provided between the lobes and casing.
The clearance however forms a leakage path and has an increasingly adverse effect on efficiency as the pressure ratio increases.
During rotation, the volume of air &#;V&#; at atmospheric pressure &#;P&#; is trapped between the left-hand rotor and the casing, and this air is positively displaced at constant pressure without a change in volume until the space opens to high-pressure region.
Theoretically, there should be no pressure rise; because the flow area does not decrease from inlet to exit.
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But when the outlet port opens, the high-pressure air in the receiver offers resistance to the delivery of blower discharge causing in instantaneous irreversible pressure rise.
The air in space &#;A&#; and &#;C&#; is at atmospheric pressure P1 and the air in the space B increases in pressure to the value of receiver pressure P2.
The irreversible pressure rise from P1 to P2 at constant volume is shown in the P-V diagram.
Efficiency of Roots blower
Roots efficiency is defined as the ratio of isentropic work done to actual work done and it is given by,
Roots efficiency = ( Isentropic Work done / Actual Work done )
This equation shows that the efficiency of the root decreases with the increase in pressure ratio.
Applications of Root Blowers :
Application of Root blowers are as follows :
Scavenging and supercharging of I.C. Engines.
Delivery capacity: 0.14 m3/min to m3/min.
Pressure ratio: 2:1 for a single-stage and 3:1 for a two-stage.
Electrolytic Tank &#; Deliver air into the electrolytic tank so as to circulate the electrolyte for achieving better plating quality.
Paper Feeding for Printer &#; For paper segregation, paper handling, and paper feeding.
Cleaning the Piping &#; To blow out dust or metal from the piping, so as to keep the piping clean.
Drying the Conveyer Belt &#; For drying small conveyor belts.
Wastewater Treatment &#; Stirring the sediment, or purification of a water treatment plant.
Advantages of Root Blowers :
Root blowers has some advantages over another type of compressor, they are as follows,
1) It has only two moving parts (i.e two rotors) which are identical in shape and size.
2) Its operation is entirely rotary.
3) As the rotors are symmetric about their center of rotation, the operation is dynamical balanced.
4) Discharge of the compressed gas is complete and there is no clearance volume.
Roots-Blower Disadvantages
In the range of partial load, the conveying speed is higher, i.E. Wear on the conveyor pipe and breakage of the conveying material will be greater.
A conveying speed once chosen can only be altered with considerable expenditure.
Due to the low-frequency noises (pulsating conveying airflow), expensive noise dampening equipment will be necessary.
In order not to exceed the operating pressures, a control device must be installed; on account of the narrow piston clearance.
The roots-blower is sensitive to foreign matter, i.E., Filter cleaning of the conveying air is required.
After a longer period of use, the piston clearance becomes larger and leads to capacity losses.
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Sachin Thorat
Sachin is a B-TECH graduate in Mechanical Engineering from a reputed Engineering college. Currently, he is working in the sheet metal industry as a designer. Additionally, he has interested in Product Design, Animation, and Project design. He also likes to write articles related to the mechanical engineering field and tries to motivate other mechanical engineering students by his innovative project ideas, design, models and videos.
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