Valve Types with Their Advantages and Disadvantages

15 Jul.,2024

 

Valve Types with Their Advantages and Disadvantages

A butterfly valve is a quarter-turn valve used to regulate the passage of fluids through a pipe. Some level of control is also provided to the fluid. The design is such that complete flow is provided but with a set amount of efficiency. You cannot get positive shut-off from butterfly valves. But now it&#;s possible to build butterfly valves with tight closure thanks to high-temperature ratings and the latest polymers.

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Several components of a butterfly valve include a metallic disc or butterfly disc, an outer body/casing, an actuator, and a positioning plate. A strong seal is made due to the packing. This seal surrounds the stem and protects the stem. The disc is mounted on a rod and stops fluid passing when the valve is closed.

The disc moves depending on the opening or closing of the valve. When the disc rotates perpendicular, the valve is entirely open, and a large amount of fluid can pass through the pipe. A seat is also fixed on the body. This seat gives a proper seal to the body. Most manufacturers provide an additional seal in case the seat gets damaged.

Butterfly Valves Advantages

Butterfly valves are widely used for several reasons. Some advantages of check valves are as follows:

  • Butterfly valves are lightweight with a wafer-form body. The low weight and compact size make them favourable for use in many applications.
  • Butterfly valves are relatively cheaper than other valves. This may be because of the low weight and that a small number of components are used in their construction.
  • The installation costs are low.
  • The design is not complicated. A small number of parts are used in the construction of butterfly valves.
  • It is reasonably convenient and easy to repair butterfly valves. So we can say they are maintenance-friendly.
  • Butterfly valves can transfer mud with a little fluid deposit in the outlet of the pipe.

Butterfly Valves Disadvantages

There are a few disadvantages of using butterfly valves. They are discussed below:

  • A part of the butterfly disc is always facing the flow even if it&#;s completely open. So there&#;s still a pressure switch over the valve no matter what the setting is.
  • The sealing is not as good as other valves.
  • When butterfly valves are used, throttling is limited to low-pressure drop systems.
  • Sometimes, the choked flow may occur when using a butterfly valve.

BOOK 2, CHAPTER 8: Directional Control Valves

Directional Control Valves

Directional control valves perform only three functions:

  • stop fluid flow
  • allow fluid flow, and
  • change direction of fluid flow.

These three functions usually operate in combination.

Valve Types with Their Advantages and Disadvantages

A butterfly valve is a quarter-turn valve used to regulate the passage of fluids through a pipe. Some level of control is also provided to the fluid. The design is such that complete flow is provided but with a set amount of efficiency. You cannot get positive shut-off from butterfly valves. But now it&#;s possible to build butterfly valves with tight closure thanks to high-temperature ratings and the latest polymers.

Several components of a butterfly valve include a metallic disc or butterfly disc, an outer body/casing, an actuator, and a positioning plate. A strong seal is made due to the packing. This seal surrounds the stem and protects the stem. The disc is mounted on a rod and stops fluid passing when the valve is closed.

The disc moves depending on the opening or closing of the valve. When the disc rotates perpendicular, the valve is entirely open, and a large amount of fluid can pass through the pipe. A seat is also fixed on the body. This seat gives a proper seal to the body. Most manufacturers provide an additional seal in case the seat gets damaged.

Butterfly Valves Advantages

Butterfly valves are widely used for several reasons. Some advantages of check valves are as follows:

  • Butterfly valves are lightweight with a wafer-form body. The low weight and compact size make them favourable for use in many applications.
  • Butterfly valves are relatively cheaper than other valves. This may be because of the low weight and that a small number of components are used in their construction.
  • The installation costs are low.
  • The design is not complicated. A small number of parts are used in the construction of butterfly valves.
  • It is reasonably convenient and easy to repair butterfly valves. So we can say they are maintenance-friendly.
  • Butterfly valves can transfer mud with a little fluid deposit in the outlet of the pipe.

Butterfly Valves Disadvantages

There are a few disadvantages of using butterfly valves. They are discussed below:

  • A part of the butterfly disc is always facing the flow even if it&#;s completely open. So there&#;s still a pressure switch over the valve no matter what the setting is.
  • The sealing is not as good as other valves.
  • When butterfly valves are used, throttling is limited to low-pressure drop systems.
  • Sometimes, the choked flow may occur when using a butterfly valve.

BOOK 2, CHAPTER 8: Directional Control Valves

Directional Control Valves

Directional control valves perform only three functions:

  • stop fluid flow
  • allow fluid flow, and
  • change direction of fluid flow.

These three functions usually operate in combination.

The simplest directional control valve is the 2-way valve. A 2-way valve stops flow or allows flow. A water faucet is a good example of a 2-way valve. A water faucet allows flow or stops flow by manual control.

A single-acting cylinder needs supply to and exhaust from its port to operate. This requires a 3-way valve. A 3-way valve allows fluid flow to an actuator in one position and exhausts the fluid from it in the other position. Some 3-way valves have a third position that blocks flow at all ports.

A double-acting actuator requires a 4-way valve. A 4-way valve pressurizes and exhausts two ports interdependently. A 3-position, 4-way valve stops an actuator or allows it to float. The 4-way function is a common type of directional control valve for both air and hydraulic circuits. A 3-position, 4-way valve is more common in hydraulic circuits.

The 5-way valve is found most frequently in air circuits. A 5-way valve performs the same function as a 4-way valve. The only difference is an extra tank or exhaust port. (Some suppliers call their 5-way valves, &#;5-ported 4-ways.") All spool valves are five ported, but hydraulic valves have internally connected exhaust ports going to a common outlet. Because oil must return to tank, it is convenient to connect the dual tank ports to a single return port. For air valves, atmosphere is the tank, so exhaust piping is usually unimportant. Using two exhaust ports makes the valve smaller and less expensive. As will be explained later, dual exhausts used for speed-control mufflers or as dual-pressure inlets make this configuration versatile.

Following are schematic symbols for commonly used directional control valves.

2-way directional control valves
A 2-way directional valve has two ports normally called inlet and outlet. When the inlet is blocked in the at-rest condition, as shown in Figure 8-1, it is referred to as "normally closed" (NC). The at-rest box or the normal condition is the one with the flow lines going to and from it.

The boxes or enclosures represent the valve&#;s positions. In Figure 8-1, the active box shows blocked ports, or a closed condition, while the upper box shows a flow path. When an operator shifts the valve, it is the same as sliding the upper box down to take the place of the lower box. In the shifted condition there is flow from inlet to outlet. Releasing the palm button in Figure 8-1 allows the valve spring to return to the normal stop flow condition. A 2-way valve makes a blow-off device or runs a fluid motor in one direction. By itself, a 2-way valve cannot cycle even a single acting cylinder.

The simplest directional control valve is the 2-way valve. A 2-way valve stops flow or allows flow. A water faucet is a good example of a 2-way valve. A water faucet allows flow or stops flow by manual control.

A single-acting cylinder needs supply to and exhaust from its port to operate. This requires a 3-way valve. A 3-way valve allows fluid flow to an actuator in one position and exhausts the fluid from it in the other position. Some 3-way valves have a third position that blocks flow at all ports.

A double-acting actuator requires a 4-way valve. A 4-way valve pressurizes and exhausts two ports interdependently. A 3-position, 4-way valve stops an actuator or allows it to float. The 4-way function is a common type of directional control valve for both air and hydraulic circuits. A 3-position, 4-way valve is more common in hydraulic circuits.

The 5-way valve is found most frequently in air circuits. A 5-way valve performs the same function as a 4-way valve. The only difference is an extra tank or exhaust port. (Some suppliers call their 5-way valves, &#;5-ported 4-ways.") All spool valves are five ported, but hydraulic valves have internally connected exhaust ports going to a common outlet. Because oil must return to tank, it is convenient to connect the dual tank ports to a single return port. For air valves, atmosphere is the tank, so exhaust piping is usually unimportant. Using two exhaust ports makes the valve smaller and less expensive. As will be explained later, dual exhausts used for speed-control mufflers or as dual-pressure inlets make this configuration versatile.

Following are schematic symbols for commonly used directional control valves.

2-way directional control valves
A 2-way directional valve has two ports normally called inlet and outlet. When the inlet is blocked in the at-rest condition, as shown in Figure 8-1, it is referred to as "normally closed" (NC). The at-rest box or the normal condition is the one with the flow lines going to and from it.

The boxes or enclosures represent the valve&#;s positions. In Figure 8-1, the active box shows blocked ports, or a closed condition, while the upper box shows a flow path. When an operator shifts the valve, it is the same as sliding the upper box down to take the place of the lower box. In the shifted condition there is flow from inlet to outlet. Releasing the palm button in Figure 8-1 allows the valve spring to return to the normal stop flow condition. A 2-way valve makes a blow-off device or runs a fluid motor in one direction. By itself, a 2-way valve cannot cycle even a single acting cylinder.

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