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Conical Spring Washers, DIN
Conical Spring Washers have been specifically developed for high-strength bolts in the strength classes 8.8 - 10.9 as per DIN ISO 898 Part 1 - SAE Grade 5. The loads of Conical Spring Washers have been matched to these bolts and are 70 to 90% of the bolt load in the flat state. They are most effective on axially loaded short bolts where they increase the axial compliance.
It should be noted that these load washers are highly stressed components and are therefore only recommended for static or infrequent varying load applications.
Specification Requirements:
&#; Dimensions:DIN
&#; Available Materials:
&#; Carbon Steel SAE .
&#; Stainless Steel.
&#; Available Finishes:
&#; Phosphated.
&#; Plain w/light protective oil.
&#; Zinc plated clear (ZC).
&#; Zinc plated yellow (YZ).
&#; Mechanical Zinc.
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&#; Stainless steel.
&#; Customized.
They are also referred to &#;belleville&#; washers or &#;spring washers&#;. These pieces are manufactured according to DIN and they are conical washers made from steel or other alloys with elastic characteristics, which offer high resistance to axial loads.
It is necessary to remark the difference between belleville washer DIN , that are pieces that are manufactured only for static applications (mainly in metric sizes), and belleville spring washers, that support static and also dynamic applications.
The design and manufacture method of these washers make them offer great forces in short travels. It should never be forgotten that their elastic capacity is limited. This is why they are appropriate to work under static loads, where they can maintain the pressure over time. On the other hand, they should never be used in works with dynamic loads, as their recovery capacity is not sufficient.
The main application of these elements is to secure screwed joints, maintaining constant tension between them. Temperature variations and vibrations may produce expansion or contraction in the joint between the screw and nut, which produces the joint loosening over time. The force generated in the screw joint by the washer once compressed maintains a tension that compensates those effects and avoids the total loss of tension, maintaining a firm and stable joint between the screw and nut over time.
In the table below, a list of catalogue standard washers according to DIN and a list of usual materials and coatings for these pieces are shown. There is also and explanation of the table values, main materials and coatings.
Apart from standard measures, washers with special dimensions can be manufactured:
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Table values
Note about force: &#;Flattening force&#; and &#;Residual spring force&#; values in the table are not exact. DIN washers are not provided with the precision other springs have. They are products working at high level of tensions and whose function is to offer high force in elastic works. These force values are aimed at providing the user with some guidance about DIN washer effectiveness with regards to maintaining the axial load in screwed joints. A common measure of lengthening in this type of joints is between 5 and 10μm. In order to avoid inaccuracies due to material roughness and thickness of the surface protection, the residual force is measured 20 μm before the total compression (washer at flat state). Therefore, the value of residual force shown in the tables represents the minimum value we can find in practice, which allows to ensure that an exceptionally high contact force value between the pieces will be obtained and therefore a safe joint.
The standard material for these pieces according to the regulations is C60 steel with a hardness level from 420 to 510 HV. Stainless steels and nickel alloys like Inconel are also used when corrosion or temperature conditions make it necessary. It should be considered that, due to the different elasticity module of these materials, the force level of the washer will be lower. An alternative to the use of special materials is the use of coatings. This is a more economical solution and it is often a sufficient protection for the pieces. It is worth noting that it can be even more effective than special materials in certain environment. Zinc coating is one of the most effective.
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