Understanding polarity is critical to being a good welder. Whether the project has the quality and strength of a good weld depends on the polarity selected. Polarity can be either AC or DC.
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AC means alternating current, which flows half the time in one direction and the other half in the other direction. It changes its polarity about 120 times a second.
DC stands for direct current, meaning the current has constant polarity since the current flows constantly in one direction.
Simply put, when you look at a welding machine and see a DC label, it means the machine has constant polarity. If it says AC, then the polarity will change and alternate directions up to 120 times per second.
Lets review each of these types of welding and the differences between them.
AC welding is welding with alternating current. The welds are not as smooth as with DC welding and although DC welding is often considered superior to AC, there are definite times when AC is the welding polarity of choice. Some advantages to AC welding are:
The downsides to AC welding include:
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Direct current flows in only one direction. This welding method has a higher deposition rate. The deposition rate is the amount of filler metal that is melted into the weld joint. The higher deposition rate makes DC welding good for a weld that needs a build-up of deposits. It also has less spatter than AC welding, which makes the weld bead more uniform and smoother.
DC is easier to work with since the electrical arc is more stable than with AC welding.
Other advantages are:
Disadvantages of DC welding are:
At Vern Lewis Welding Supply, Inc., we have eight locations throughout the state of Arizona to serve you. We maintain a complete supply of products needed for all types of welding and can answer any of your welding questions. For more information, contact us online or call 602-633-.
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