You may not know what a heat exchanger is, but you rely on it to keep your home warm every day of the winter. Heating the air that passes through your ductwork, the heat exchanger is one of the most important components of your furnace. If it breaks, you face significant repairs and risks to your health. As such, understanding how it works improves your ability to determine what is going on with your furnace.
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The heat exchanger is located inside the furnace, often above the burner, within the combustion chamber. It is connected to the exhaust flue, which delivers poisonous fuel exhaust out of the home. The heat exchanger itself is a series of tubes through which liquid or gasses can pass from the burners to generate and move heat from one part of the furnace to another. There are many tubes wound fairly tightly together, so that the liquid or gas has many opportunities to increase temperature within a small space.
The heat exchanger helps to transmit the heat from the furnace to the blower, which can send heated air through your vents into each room. The heat exchanger is connected to the burning fuel coming from the gas valve and the burners. Further down the line, the heat is transferred from the heat exchanger to the blower. The heat exchanger also contains the exhaust from the fuel to be sent up the flue. This separation of the two products is extremely important, because you only want heated air, not carbon monoxide exhaust, flowing through your ductwork.
Knowing the ins and outs of how your furnace operates is key to knowing when something has gone wrong. One of the components you should be familiar with is the heat exchanger. If the term &#;heat exchanger&#; is new to your vocabulary, the guide below is for you.
Our expert technicians are here for youSchedule Online TodayA heat exchanger is a series of metal tubes or coils located inside your furnace between the combustion chamber and the blower. This component is necessary for the heating process in gas and oil furnaces.
A flame heats the fuel source, which subsequently heats the metal tubes or coils. The heated tubes or coils then heat the air that flows over them. Once the heated air passes over the heat exchanger, a fan blows it into the ductwork where it circulates throughout your home to provide warmth.
Unlike gas and oil furnaces, electric furnaces do not contain a heat exchanger. That&#;s because they don&#;t burn fuel. Instead, electricity heats metal coils directly, and the hot coils heat the air.
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While other issues may pop up with your heat exchanger, we&#;ve outlined the two most common ones below.
Although the metal tubes or coils contained in the heat exchanger are durable, they can still cause trouble from time to time. The most common problem with heat exchanger tubes and coils is cracking. Here&#;s why:
As the tubes or coils heat up, they expand. When the furnace cycle ends and the metal cools down, the tubes or coils contract to their original size. This continuous expansion and contraction process can cause the metal to weaken over time and form cracks. In cases of severe wear and tear, the tubes and coils can even snap in half.
Cracked tubes or coils can cause a secondary issue: the release of toxic gases into your home&#;s air supply. Gas and oil furnaces contain flue gases. These toxic gases are designed to escape through the flue pipe, a metal tube that transfers the gases from the furnace to the outdoors. When the heat exchanger&#;s tubes or coils crack, the toxic gases enter the air supply rather than escaping through the flue pipe.
Carbon monoxide&#;a byproduct of the combustion process&#;is the most common gas that furnaces leak. Although colorless and odorless, carbon monoxide can be fatal when inhaled long enough.
A cracked heat exchanger can result in carbon monoxide poisoning, which occurs when carbon monoxide molecules replace oxygen molecules in the bloodstream. Carbon monoxide poisoning can cause serious health complications and even death.
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